ʻO nā kīʻaha a me nā kīʻaha ma nā wahi a pau e ʻike nei i kēia mau lā, ʻo ke kila kila a me ke aniani ka mea maʻamau, akā ʻike ʻoe i ka wā kahiko, he aha ka mea i hana ʻia ai?
ʻO nā mug mua loa i hoʻi mai i ka Prehistoric Neolithic Stone Age a ua hana ʻia me ka iwi a ʻaʻohe lima.ʻO nā kīʻaha kahiko loa i manaʻo ʻia no kēia au, ua hana ʻia i ka lāʻau, akā ua ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mālama ʻana i nā pahu lāʻau.Ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o ka millennium, hana ka poʻe i ka moku me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pālolo a i ʻole metala, i ka manawa hea i hoʻomaka ai ke aupuni hou.
ʻO ke kila kila he pūʻulu ferrous alloys i loaʻa ka liʻiliʻi ma kahi o 11% chromium, [4]: 3 [5] kahi mea hana e pale ai i ka hao mai ka ʻele a hāʻawi pū i nā waiwai pale wela.[4]: 3 [5] [6] [7] [8] ʻO nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ke kila kila nā mea kalapona (mai ka 0.03% a ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 1.00%), nitrogen, aluminika, silika, sulfur, titanium, nickel, copper, selenium, niobium, a me molybdenum. [4]: 3 Hoʻonohonoho pinepine ʻia nā ʻano kila kuhiliʻole e kā lākou AISI helu helu ʻekolu, e laʻa, 304 stainless.[9]ʻO ka maʻamau ISO 15510 ka papa inoa o nā hui kemika o nā kila kila o nā kikoʻī i nā kūlana ISO, ASTM, EN, JIS, a me GB (Chinese) i loko o kahi papa hoʻololi kūpono.- Abstract e Wikipedia
ʻAʻole paha nā mea metala ʻē aʻe, ke kaumaha, ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻa ʻole (waiwai kemika), ʻo ke kīʻaha kila kila ka hiʻohiʻona o ke kumu kūʻai, kūpaʻa a palekana.Hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā mea inu, lāʻau lapaʻau, keʻena hoʻokolohua a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ua hōʻoia ʻia ua ʻae ka mākeke i ke kila kila ʻoiai he nani ke nānā aku a maʻalahi hoʻi.Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā mea hoʻokūkū kuʻuna e like me ke keleawe, alumini, a me ke kila kalapona.
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ʻO ke kila kila, ka alumini a me ke kīʻaha enmal ka mea inu maʻamau no ke ola hou.Ma waena o kēia mau mea, ʻo ke kīʻaha kila kila ka mea inu maʻamau, hana ʻia lākou me ka pā pālua a me ka hoʻolālā vacuum, hiki ke mālama i ka wai wela a inu i ke anuanu.I ka wā ma mua, ua ʻike kekahi o nā poʻe UK i ke kila 'rustless', ua hōʻike ʻia he nui kā lākou hoʻāʻo mua.Ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ʻo Brearley i ka hana ʻana i ke kila kuhili ʻoiaʻiʻo mua loa, nona ka 12.8% chromium maʻiʻo.Ua hoʻohui ʻo ia i ka chromium i ka hao i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e hana i kahi metala ʻole.ʻO Chromium kahi mea nui, no ka mea, hāʻawi ia i ke kū'ē i ka corrosion.Ma hope o kēia ʻike ʻana, ua like ʻo Sheffield me ke kila a me ka metallurgy.
I kēia lā, ʻo Kina ka ʻāina nui loa i lawe ʻia aku i ke kila kila, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā kila kila i hana ʻia, e like me ka mauʻu, ka puna, ka ipuhao, ka puhi ʻana, nā kīʻaha, nā kīʻaha huakaʻi a me nā tumblers a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. mahuahua.E ulu aʻe ka nui o nā kila kila a me nā mea hou.
Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke kila kila a me nā mea hou, e ulu maikaʻi ka ʻoihana.
Kakau Neo He
E-mail neohe@locusts.net
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-17-2021
